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When individual words and bigrams are employed, both the frequency of their presence and their predetermined probable polarity are used to decide the polarity of the text to be classified; neutral words and bigrams are not useful in this task. We refer to words that provide polarity cues as nuance-bearing.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Techniques to classify opinion or sentiment in text as either positive or negative employ features such as individual words, bigrams, and part-of-speech patterns. 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